1,-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is a neurotoxin capable of recapitulating the symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) in humans. The MPTP-induced mouse model of PD is a commonly used system for studying the mechanisms of dopaminergic neuron death, due to its relatively simple induction procedure (requiring only intraperitoneal injection) and its consistent neurotoxic effect on dopaminergic neurons.
Fig1. MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mouse model.
6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a hydroxylated derivative of dopamine. It can gradually induce retrograde degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) system within a few weeks. Its pathological and biochemical manifestations share many similarities with human Parkinson's disease (PD), including degeneration, death, and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, as well as glial cell proliferation. The 6-OHDA injection model is one of the most widely used PD models to date and can be applied in studies on PD pathogenesis, evaluation of drug efficacy, gene therapy, and neuroprotective treatment.
Fig1. 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson's disease mouse model.
